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1.
Braz. J. Vet. Res. Anim. Sci. (Online) ; 59: e190524, fev. 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1380228

ABSTRACT

Leishmaniases comprise a spectrum of diseases caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania, with some species of rodents being incriminated as reservoirs. The capybara is the largest extant rodent species in the world and is widely distributed in South America. The occurrence of infection by Leishmania spp. was investigated in capybaras captured in Brazil during 2015­2019 from established populations in five highly anthropic areas of the state of São Paulo and two natural areas of the states of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul. A total of 186 individuals were captured and subjected to abdominal skin biopsy. All skin samples were Leishmania kDNA-negative, suggesting that capybaras have no role in the transmission cycles of Leishmania species in the studied areas despite the well-known role of other rodents in the life cycle of Leishmania spp.(AU)


As leishmanioses compreendem um espectro de doenças causadas por protozoários do gênero Leishmania e algumas espécies de roedores são incriminadas como reservatórios de Leishmania spp. As capivaras compreendem a maior espécie de roedores existentes e são amplamente distribuídas na América do Sul. Para investigar a ocorrência de infecção por Leishmania spp. em capivaras, durante os anos de 2015-2019 capivaras foram capturadas em cinco áreas antrópicas do estado de São Paulo e em duas áreas naturais dos estados do Mato Grosso e do Mato Grosso do Sul, todos esses ambientes com populações de capivaras estabelecidas. Um total de 186 indivíduos foram capturados e submetidos à biópsia de pele abdominal. Todas as amostras de pele foram negativas para o alvo kDNA, assim, os dados sugerem que nas áreas estudadas as capivaras não têm papel no ciclo de transmissão de espécies de Leishmania spp., apesar do papel bem conhecido de outros roedores no ciclo de vida de Leishmania spp.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Protozoan Infections, Animal/diagnosis , Rodentia/microbiology , Leishmaniasis/diagnosis , Skin/microbiology , Biopsy/instrumentation , Brazil , DNA, Kinetoplast/analysis , Leishmania/genetics
2.
Revista Digital de Postgrado ; 8(3): e179, 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1094822

ABSTRACT

Determinar la prevalencia de las lesiones intraepiteliales cervicales de bajo y alto grado en pacientes de edad fértil en la consulta de ginecología del centro Materno pediatrico Zulia, en el período comprendido febrero 2016 -febrero 2018 Maracaibo, Estado Zulia. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo en el que se incluyeron mujeres entre los 15 y 44 años, que acudieron a la consulta de Ginecología obstetricia del centro materno pediátrico Zulia para el periodo comprendido febrero 2016 ­ febrero 2018. Se evaluó la normalidad de las variables cuantitativas, empleándose la mediana o el promedio con sus varianzas según su distribución, y frecuencias y proporciones para las variables categóricas. Resultados: Se incluyeron 150 pacientes. La mediana de la edad fue 29 años con rango (R: 15-43 años), la mediana del número de partos 1 (R: 0-3). Uso de métodos anticonceptivos, la mayoría utilizaba ACO. El 60% de las citologías se reportaron como negativas, 20 % lesión de bajo grado (LSIL), 10% células escamosas atípicas de significado indeterminado (ASC-US), 2% lesiones de alto grado (HSIL), 2,3% células escamosas atípicas de significado indeterminado de alto grado ASC-H, 3,3% células glandulares atípicas de significado incierto (ASGUS) y 2% carcinoma invasor. Conclusión: La prevalencia de las anormalidades citológicas fue alta en todos los grupos analizados, sin embargo, existe un mayor número de LSIL hacia la tercera década de la vida y en aquellas que iniciaron su vida sexual después de los 40 años. De igual manera se encontró una relación inversa entre el número de partos, planificación familiar hormonal y aparición de lesiones pre neoplásicas(AU)


To determine the prevalence of cervical intraepithelial lesions of low and high grade in patients of fertile age in the gynecology clinic of the Zulia maternity center, in the period February 2016-February 2018 Maracaibo, Zulia State. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was carried out that included women between 15 and 44 years old, who attended the obstetrics gynecology clinic of the Zulia pediatric maternity center for the period February 2016-February 2018. The normality of the quantitative variables, using the median or average with their variances according to their distribution, and frequencies and proportions for the categorical variables. Results: 150 patients were included. the median age was 29 years with range (R: 15-43 years), the median number of births 1 (R: 0-3). Using contraceptive methods, most used ACO. 60% of cytologies were reportedas negative, 20% low grade lesion (LSIL), 10% atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US), 2% high grade lesions (HSIL), 2.3% cells Atypical squamous of indeterminate significance of high grade ASC-H, 3.3% atypical glandular cells of uncertain significance (ASGUS) and 2% invasive carcinoma. Conclusion: The prevalence of cytological abnormalities was high in all the groups analyzed, however, there is a greater number of LSIL in the third decade of life and in those who began their sexual life their 40 years. Likewise, an inverse relationship was found between the number of births, hormonal family planning and the appearance of pre-neoplastic lesions(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosis , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/epidemiology , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/diagnosis , Papillomavirus Infections/diagnosis , Biopsy/instrumentation , Biopsy/statistics & numerical data , Retrospective Studies , Colposcopy/instrumentation , Papanicolaou Test/statistics & numerical data , Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions of the Cervix/pathology
3.
J. bras. nefrol ; 40(4): 366-374, Out.-Dec. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-984582

ABSTRACT

Abstract Renal osteodystrophy (ROD), a group of metabolic bone diseases secondary to chronic kidney disease (CKD), still represents a great challenge to nephrologists. Its management is tailored by the type of bone lesion - of high or low turnover - that cannot be accurately predicted by serum biomarkers of bone remodeling available in daily clinical practice, mainly parathyroid hormone (PTH) and alkaline phosphatase (AP). In view of this limitation, bone biopsy followed by bone quantitative histomorphometry, the gold-standard method for the diagnosis of ROD, is still considered of paramount importance. Bone biopsy has also been recommended for evaluation of osteoporosis in the CKD setting to help physicians choose the best anti-osteoporotic drug. Importantly, bone biopsy is the sole diagnostic method capable of providing dynamic information on bone metabolism. Trabecular and cortical bones may be analyzed separately by evaluating their structural and dynamic parameters, thickness and porosity, respectively. Deposition of metals, such as aluminum and iron, on bone may also be detected. Despite of these unique characteristics, the interest on bone biopsy has declined over the last years and there are currently few centers around the world specialized on bone histomorphometry. In this review, we will discuss the bone biopsy technique, its indications, and the main information it can provide. The interest on bone biopsy should be renewed and nephrologists should be capacitated to perform it as part of their training during medical residency.


Resumo A osteodistrofia renal (OR), um grupo de doenças ósseas metabólicas secundárias à doença renal crônica (DRC), ainda representa um grande desafio para os nefrologistas. Seu manejo é individualizado de acordo com o tipo de lesão óssea - de alto ou baixo remodelamento - cujo diagnóstico não pode ser prevista com precisão pelos biomarcadores séricos de remodelação óssea disponíveis na prática clínica diária, principalmente o paratormônio (PTH) e a fosfatase alcalina (FA). Em vista dessa limitação, biópsia óssea seguida de histomorfometria óssea quantitativa, método padrão-ouro para o diagnóstico de OR, ainda é considerado um procedimento de grande importância. A biópsia óssea também é recomendada na avaliação da osteoporose em indivíduos com DRC, a fim de auxiliar na escolha do melhor medicamento anti-osteoporótico. É importante observar que a biópsia óssea é o único método diagnóstico capaz de proporcionar informações dinâmicas sobre o metabolismo ósseo. Os ossos trabecular e cortical podem ser analisados separadamente por meio da avaliação de seus parâmetros estruturais e dinâmicos, espessura e porosidade, respectivamente. A deposição óssea de metais como alumínio e ferro também pode ser detectada. Apesar de suas características singulares, o interesse pela biópsia óssea diminuiu nos últimos anos. Poucos centros em todo o mundo são especializados em histomorfometria óssea. A presente revisão discute a técnica de biópsia óssea, suas indicações e as principais informações que ela pode oferecer. O interesse pela biópsia óssea deve ser renovado e os nefrologistas devem ser capacitados a realizá-la durante o período de residência médica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder/pathology , Bone and Bones/pathology , Biopsy/instrumentation , Practice Patterns, Physicians' , Equipment Design , Nephrology
4.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 55(1): 46-49, Apr.-Mar. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-888245

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: - Conventional esophagogastroduodenoscopy is the best method for evaluation of the upper gastrointestinal tract, but it has limitations for the identification of the major duodenal papilla, even after the use of the straightening maneuver. Side-viewing duodenoscope is recommended for optimal examination of major duodenal papilla in patients at high risk for lesions in this region. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of the biopsy forceps during conventional esophagogastroduodenoscopy as an additional tool to the straightening maneuver, in the evaluation of the major duodenal papilla. METHODS: A total of 671 patients were studied between 2013 and 2015, with active major duodenal papilla search in three endoscope steps: not straightened, straightened and use of the biopsy forceps after straightening. In all of them it was recorded whether: major duodenal papilla was fully visualized (position A), partially visualized (position B) or not visualized (position C). If major duodenal papilla was not fully visualized, patients continued to the next step. RESULTS: A total of 341 were female (50.8%) with mean age of 49 years. Of the 671 patients, 324 (48.3%) major duodenal papilla was identified in position A, 112 (16.7%) in position B and 235 (35%) in position C. In the 347 patients who underwent the straightening maneuver, position A was found in 186 (53.6%), position B in 51 (14.7%) and position C in 110 (31.7%). Of the 161 remaining patients and after biopsy forceps use, position A was seen in 94 (58.4%), position B in 14 (8.7%) and position C in 53 (32.9%). The overall rate of complete visualization of major duodenal papilla was 90%. CONCLUSION: The use of the biopsy forceps significantly increased the total major duodenal papilla visualization rate by 14%, reaching 604/671 (90%) of the patients (P<0.01) and it can be easily incorporated into the routine endoscopic examination of the upper gastrointestinal tract.


RESUMO CONTEXTO: Esofagogastroduodenoscopia convencional é o melhor método para avaliação do trato gastrointestinal superior, mas apresenta limitações para identificação da papila duodenal maior, mesmo após emprego da manobra de retificação. Exame completo da papila duodenal maior está indicado para pacientes de alto risco para adenocarcinoma da papila duodenal maior. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a utilização da pinça de biópsia durante esofagogastroduodenoscopia convencional como ferramenta adicional à manobra de retificação na avaliação da papila duodenal maior. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 671 pacientes entre 2013-2015 com busca ativa da papila duodenal maior em três etapas: endoscópio não retificado, endoscópio retificado e uso da pinça de biópsia após retificação. Em todas se registrou: se a papila duodenal maior foi totalmente visualizada (posição A), se parcialmente visualizada (posição B) ou se não visualizada (posição C). Caso a papila duodenal maior não tenha sido completamente visualizada, o paciente foi direcionado para a etapa seguinte. RESULTADOS: Um total de 341 era do sexo feminino (50,8%) com idade média de 49 anos. Dos 671 pacientes, em 324 (48,3%) a papila duodenal maior foi identificada na posição A, 112 (16,7%) em posição B e, 235 (35%) em posição C. Dos 347 pacientes submetidos à manobra de retificação, posição A foi encontrada em 186 (53,6%), posição B em 51 (14,7%) e posição C em 110 (31,7%). Dos 161 pacientes restantes que utilizaram a pinça de biópsia, posição A foi vista em 94 (58,4%), posição B em 14 (8,7%) e posição C em 53 (32,9%). A taxa acumulativa de visualização completa da papila duodenal maior foi de 90%. CONCLUSÃO: O uso da pinça de biópsia aumentou a taxa de visualização completa da papila duodenal maior em 14%, alcançando 604/671 (90%) dos pacientes (P<0,01) avaliados e pode ser facilmente incorporada aos exames endoscópicos de rotina do trato gastrointestinal superior.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Ampulla of Vater/diagnostic imaging , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal/instrumentation , Common Bile Duct Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Biopsy/instrumentation , Cross-Sectional Studies , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal/methods , Duodenoscopy/instrumentation , Duodenoscopy/methods , Gastrointestinal Diseases , Middle Aged
5.
Rev. chil. cir ; 70(3): 218-223, 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-959374

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción El carcinoma gástrico de células en anillo de sello (CGCAS) es un tipo histopatológico, que tiene menor respuesta a la quimioterapia (QT) y un peor pronóstico en los pacientes con cáncer gástrico (CG) avanzado. Se desconoce los valores diagnósticos de la presencia de células en anillo de sello (CAS) en la biopsia endoscópica, para el diagnóstico de CGCAS. Objetivo Determinar los valores diagnósticos de la presencia de CAS en la biopsia endoscópica para el diagnóstico de CGCAS en la biopsia de la pieza operatoria. Material y Método Estudio retrospectivo de pruebas diagnósticas. Se incluyeron los pacientes con CG operados en forma consecutiva entre 1996-2016. Se calculó los valores diagnósticos de la presencia de CAS en la biopsia endoscópica para el diagnóstico de CGCAS en la biopsia definitiva. Se utilizaron intervalos de confianza (IC) del 95%. Resultados Se incluyeron 851 pacientes. Un 16,3% tuvieron CAS en la biopsia endoscópica y la prevalencia de CGCAS fue de 16,4%. Los valores diagnósticos de la presencia de CAS de la biopsia endoscópica para el diagnóstico de CGCAS fueron: Valor predictivo positivo (VPP) de 56,1% (IC 95%, 47,8-64,1%); Valor predictivo negativo (VPN) de 91,3% (IC 95%, 89-93,1%); sensibilidad de 55,7% (IC 95%, 47,4-63,7%); especificidad de 91,4% (IC 95%, 89,1%-93,3%); Likelihood ratio (LR) positivo de 6,5 (IC 95%, 4,9-8,6); LR negativo de 0,48 (IC 95%, 0,4-0,6); probabilidad post-test positivo fue de 56,1% (IC 95%, 47,8-64,1%) y probabilidad post-test negativo fue de 8,7% (IC 95%, 6,9-11%). Conclusiones La presencia de CAS en la biopsia endoscópica es insuficiente para el diagnóstico de un CGCAS. La ausencia de CAS en la biopsia endoscópica tiene un alto valor predictivo negativo.


Introduction Signet-ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) of the stomach is a histopathological type that has less response to chemotherapy and worse prognosis in patients with advanced gastric cancer, than other types of gastric carcinomas. Diagnostic value of the presence of signet-ring cells (SRC) in the endoscopic biopsy for the diagnosis of SRCC of the stomach, are unknown. Objectives To calculate the diagnostic values of the presence of SRC in endoscopic biopsy for the diagnosis of SRCC of the stomach in a definitive surgical specimen biopsy. Materials and Methods Retrospective diagnostic test study to determine the value of the presence of SRC in the endoscopic biopsy for the diagnosis of SRCC of the stomach in the surgical specimen biopsy. Inclusion criteria: Patients who underwent gastric surgery between 1996-2016. We calculated positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV), sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratio (LR+ and LR−) of the presence of SRC in the endoscopic biopsy that predicts the diagnosis of SRCC of the stomach in the definitive biopsy. Confidence intervals (CI) of 95% were defined. Results The diagnostic values of the presence of SRC in endoscopic biopsy to diagnose SRCC of the stomach in the surgical specimen biopsy were: PPV of 56.1% (95% CI, 47.8-64.1%), NPV of 91.3% (95% CI, 89-93.1%), sensitivity of 55.7% (95% CI, 47.4-63.7%), specificity of 91.4% (95% CI, 89.1-93.3%), LR+ of 6.5 (95% CI, 4.9-8.6) and LR- of 0.48 (95% CI, 0.4-0.6), a positive post-test probability of 56.1% (95% CI, 47.8-64.1%), and a negative post-test probability of 8.7% (95% CI, 6.9-11%). Conclusions The presence of SRC in the endoscopic biopsy is not sufficient to diagnose SRCC of the stomach. The absence of SRC in the endoscopic biopsy has a high negative predictive value.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Stomach Neoplasms/pathology , Biopsy/methods , Endoscopy, Digestive System/methods , Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell/pathology , Biopsy/instrumentation , Predictive Value of Tests , Retrospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity
6.
Rev. méd. (La Paz) ; 22(2): 29-35, 2016. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-961355

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCION: el Cáncer de mama se ha convertido en los últimos años en una enfermedad de salud pública, Una de las estrategias importantes de control es la prevención siendo el Sistema BIRADS una herramienta de screening importante. OBJETIVO: revisar y evaluar las categorías del Sistema BI - RADS en lesiones mamarias sometidas a biopsia en pacientes del Hospital Materno-Infantil durante las gestiones 2013-2014. MATERIAL Y METODOS: se obtuvieron resultados imagenológicos diversos mediante el sistema BIRADS y resultado histopatológico de lesiones estudiadas por biopsia, se aplicó el programa OpenEpi y la evaluación de prueba diagnóstica o de screening para cada categoría. RESULTADOS: en el estudio se encontró que: BI-RADS 3, la sensibilidad (S) 24.3% y especificidad (E) 100% con VPP de 100% y VPN de 6.66%. BIRADS 4 A la S de 61.54%, y E 94.87%, con VPP 80%, y VPN 88.1%. BI-RADS 4B mostro una S de 50%, y E de 94.87% con VPP de 60%, y VPN de 92.5%. El BI-RADS 4C tiene una S de 83.33 % y E 94.87%, su VPP es 71.43% y el VPN 97.37%. El BIRADS 5 mostro S 87.5% y E 94.87% con un correspondiente VPP de 77.78% y VPN de 97.37%. CONCLUSION: los informes imagenológicos reportados mediante el sistema BIRADS han probado ser pruebas confiables en la detección de pacientes con neoplasias malignas. Finalmente, se debe tener una especial atención a las pacientes con informes BI-RADS 3 con el fin de descartar una patología maligna.


INTRODUCTION: breast Cancer is a disease of public health, its prevalence is greater than the uterine carcinoma and mortality poses a risk to be faced. One important coping strategies is prevention, this is where the BIRADS system plays an important role. OBJECTIVE: identify, review and assess the categorization of BI - RADS system and biopsied breast lesions in patients of H.M.I. 2013 - 2014. MATERIAL AND METHODS: diagnosis test. Imaging results were obtained, either ultrasound, or ecomamograficos mammographic system by BlRADS result of histopathological lesions studied by biopsy. OpenEpi program and evaluation of diagnostic test or screening for each category was applied. RESULTS: the study found: BI-RADS 3, the sensitivity was 24.3% and 100% specificity with a PPV of 100% and NPV of 6.66%. BIRADS 4th sensitivity was 61.54% and specificity 94.87%, with a PPV 80% and NPV 88.1%. The BI-RADS 4B showed a sensitivity of 50% and a specificity of 94.87% with a PPV of 60% and a NPV of 92.5%. The BI-RADS 4c has a sensitivity of 83.33% and specificity 94.87%, the PPV is 71.43% and 97.37% VPN. The BIRADS 5 showed a sensitivity 87.5% and specificity 94.87% with a corresponding PPV of 77.78% and NPV of 97.37%. CONCLUSION: imaging reports reported by BI-RADS system have proven reliable in the detection of patients with malignancies and as a source to determine the healthy patients or with benign findings. Finally it should have special attention to patients with imaging reports BI-RADS 3 in order to rule out malignancy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Breast Neoplasms/mortality , Public Health , Biopsy/instrumentation , Neoplasms
7.
Rev. méd. (La Paz) ; 21(2): 40-45, 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-785633

ABSTRACT

Las glucogenosis son enfermedades hereditarias del metabolismo del glucógeno. Se reconocen más de 12 tipos y afectan principalmente al hígado y al músculo, mismas que se clasifican según la enzima defectuosa y el órgano afectado. Presentamos el caso de un niño de 4 años y 6 meses con hepatomegalia importante, retardo del crecimiento pondoestatural, extremidades delgadas, facies con mejillas redondas. Sus exámenes laboratoriales revelaron: hipoglicemia, hiperlipidemia, hiperuricemia y sus estudios imagenológicos evidenciaron hepatomegalia difusa severa. El estudio histopatológico concluyó con glucogenosis, no pudiendo definirse el tipo, por la imposibilidad de realizar pruebas específicas de histoquímica en Bolivia. El paciente es seguido por consulta externa, bajo indicaciones dietéticas para prevenir complicaciones.


Glycogen storage diseases are inherited metabolic disorders of glycogen metabolism. There are over 12 types, they may affect primarily the liver and muscle. They are classified and the affected tissue. The case of a 4 y 6m old-male infant is presented, with growth retardation, thin limbs, rounded cheeks. Laboratory testing showed hypoglycemia, hyperlipidermia, hyperuricemia. Imagenoly testing showed severe diffuse hepatomegaly. Histopathology concluded in glycogen storage disease, the enzyme deficiency could not be established because of the unavailability of these test in Bolivia. The patient is followed by consult, diet therapy to prevent complications.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Liver Glycogen , Biopsy/instrumentation , Hypoglycemia/diagnosis
8.
Rev. Salusvita (Online) ; 33(1)2014. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-721624

ABSTRACT

O Instituto Lauro de Souza Lima (ILSL) é um centro de referência dermatológica e a dermatomiosite é uma doença frequente em seu ambulatório. A dermatomiosite é identificada por suas lesões de pele específicas e pela presença de miopatia inflamatória. Sua incidência é baixa. A confirmação diagnóstica é realizada através da análise da apresentação dermatológica, dosagem sérica de enzimas musculares, eletroneuromiografia e biópsias de pele e músculo. Objetivo: analisar a incidência, características clínicas e procedimentos diagnósticos realizados bem como o tempo para o diagnóstico, levando em conta a sua efetividade. Método: estudo retrospectivo dos prontuários de pacientes diagnosticados com dermatomiosite de janeiro de 2000 a abril de 2013 no ILSL. Conclusão: aconselha-se que se dê prioridade ao atendimento de pacientes com os sintomas neurológicos mais sugestivos, tais como: fraqueza muscular e disfagia associadas a lesões de pele, tendo em vista a possibilidade de dermatomiosite.


As the Instituto Lauro de Souza Lima is a Dermatology Reference Center, dermatomyositis is prevalent in its outpatient clinic. Dermatomyositis is identified by its specific skin lesions and inflammatory myopathy and has low incidence. Diagnostic confirmation is made by the dermatological presentation, serum muscle enzymes, electroneuromyography and skin and muscle biopsies. Objective: to analyze the incidence, clinical features, diagnostic procedures and time to diagnosis of dermatomyositis patients, according to the algorithm rationality and effectiveness Methods: it is a retrospective surveillance of Instituto Lauro de Souza Lima (ILSL) patients from January 2000 until April 2013. Conclusion: in a dermatology outpatient department it is advisable to prioritize dermatological cases with neurological symptoms suggestive of dysphagia and muscular weakness with skin lesions, referring for neurological examination due to the possibility of derrmatomyositis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Biopsy/instrumentation , Dermatomyositis/diagnosis , Myositis/diagnosis
9.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Clín. Méd ; 8(2)mar.-abr. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-544007

ABSTRACT

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Plasmocitoma é um tumor maligno, originado da proliferação irreversível e autônoma dos plasmócitos, podendo se apresentar como massa circunscrita ou infiltração difusa. O plasmocitoma ósseo solitário é raro. Embora a idade dos pacientes seja variável, é incomum antes dos 30 anos. Tem predomínio no sexo masculino em proporção 3:1 e sua principal localização é a coluna vertebral. No plasmocitoma solitário, a eletroforese de proteínas séricas, o mielograma e as análises laboratoriais e radiológicas não apresentam evidências de doença sistêmica. O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar o caso de plasmocitoma solitário ósseo, localizado no osso esterno, enfocando aspectos essenciais na sua caracterização.RELATO DO CASO: Paciente do sexo masculino, 45 anos, encaminhado ao Serviço de Cirurgia Torácica devido ao surgimento de massa na região do manúbrio esternal, associado à dor local. Realizou tomografia computadorizada (TC) do tórax que mostrou extensa lesão lítica no osso esterno. A avaliação laboratorial incluindo hemograma, eletrólitos, eletroforese de proteínas séricas, análise quantitativa de imunoglobulinas séricas estavam todos dentro da normalidade. A pesquisa de proteína de Bence Jones foi negativa e a avaliação radiológica do crânio e ossos longos e a cintilografia óssea não mostrava outras lesões líticas. A biópsia de medula óssea foi normal. O paciente foi submetido à biópsia incisional da lesão que confirmou o diagnóstico de plasmocitoma solitário ósseo.CONCLUSÃO: Plasmocitoma solitário apesar de raro deve ser lembrado como diagnóstico diferencial de outras afecções para que o tratamento correto seja instituído, objetivando controle precoce da doença e melhor sobrevida.(AU)


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Plasmacytoma is a malignant tumor originated of irreversible and independent proliferation of plasma cells. It's able to present itself as a circumscribed mass or diffuse infiltration. Solitary bone plasmacytoma is a rare tumor. Although the age of the patients is changeable, it is uncommon before the 30 years. It has predominance in men in ratio 3:1 and the main localization is the vertebral column. In solitary plasmacytoma, the serum protein electrophoresis, the bone marrow biopsy, as well as the laboratorial and radiological analyses and bone cintilography do not show evidences of systemic disease. The objective of this study is to report the case of a solitary bone plasmacytoma located in sternum, focusing essential aspects in the characterization of this entity. CASE REPORT: A male patient, 45-year-old, directed to the Thoracic Surgery Service due to the sprouting of a mass in sternum associated to local pain. In the Thoracic Computadorized Tomography (CT) Scan was noticed extensive litic injury in sternum. The laboratorial evaluation including hemogram, electrolytes, serum protein electrophoresis, serum quantitative immunoglobulin's analysis were normal. The Bence Jones protein was negative and the radiological evaluation of the skull and long bones did not show other litic injuries. The bone marrow biopsy was normal. The patient was submitted to a biopsy that ensuring the diagnosis of solitary bone plasmacytoma. CONCLUSION: Although solitary is a rare disease it should be remembered for differential diagnosis, objectifying a correct treatment and a better control of the disease.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Plasmacytoma/diagnosis , Plasmacytoma/radiotherapy , Sternum/pathology , Biopsy/instrumentation , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/instrumentation , Ultrasonography/instrumentation
10.
Rev. GASTROHNUP ; 12(1): S24-S26, ene.15 2010. mapas
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-645078

ABSTRACT

Es posible que la Enfermedad Celíaca (EC) en algunos países esté aún subdiagnosticada, y Colombia no es la excepción. Hay diversas formas de presentación. en cualquiera de los casos, es necesario las pruebas de anticuerpos y la toma de biopsia intestinal para su diagnóstico. El diagnóstico de EC, según lo recomendado desde el año 1989 por ESPGHAN, con la toma de unabiopsia intestinal ante la presencia de síntomas, para luego del retiro del gluten esperar reversiónde la sintomatología junto con seronegatividad de los anticuerpos.


Celiac Disease (CD) in some countries is still underdiagnosed, and Colombia is no exception. There are different forms. In either case, it is necessary antibody testing and intestinal biopsy for diagnosis. The diagnosis of CD, is checked as recommended since 1989 by ESPGHAN, with the capture of an intestinal biopsy in the presence of symptoms, then removal of gluten expected reversal of symptoms with seronegative for antibodies.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Biopsy/instrumentation , Biopsy/methods , Celiac Disease/classification , Celiac Disease/diagnosis , Celiac Disease/epidemiology , Celiac Disease/pathology , Celiac Disease/prevention & control , Antibodies , Glutens/administration & dosage , Glutens/classification , Glutens , Glutens
11.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 30(1): 29-36, jan. 2010. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-540324

ABSTRACT

Devido à carência de informações sobre o tema e à ausência de estudos que confrontem as técnicas de biópsia hepática em ovinos, foi desenvolvido um estudo comparativo entre oito técnicas de biópsia nesta espécie. Neste estudo foram utilizadas oito borregas (17,95kg ± 2,71) mestiças (Santa Inês) em procedimentos seriados por oito semanas consecutivas e avaliados os aspectos clínicos, os achados de patologia clínica, o peso das amostras hepáticas, a qualidade histológica, o número de veias centrolobulares e espaços-porta e a presença de artefatos no corte histológico de amostras hepáticas obtidas através de seis técnicas percutâneas e duas técnicas videolaparoscópicas. Para as técnicas percutâneas empregaram-se dois tipos de agulhas, Menghini modificada (M) e Tru-cut semi-automática (T), combinadas com biópsias cegas, guiadas por ultra-sonografia (US) e monitoradas por videolaparoscopia (VL). No caso dos procedimentos vídeolaparoscópicos utilizaram-se pinça laparoscópica de biópsia Blakesley e método de ressecção de fragmento hepático por VL. Não foram observadas alterações hematológicas ou bioquímicas relevantes e as manifestações clínicas detectadas foram leves e transitórias. De uma forma geral, o uso da US e da VL nas biópsias percutâneas não resultou em acréscimo significativo do peso e da qualidade histológica das amostras hepáticas, porém as técnicas videolaparoscópicas permitiram acesso mais amplo ao fígado do que as técnicas percutâneas. A qualidade das amostras recuperadas com ambas as técnicas VL foram equivalentes, entretanto o uso da técnica de ressecção permitiu a colheita de amostras de maior peso, mas determinou a formação de aderências perihepáticas. Verificaram-se maior dificuldade na recuperação de fragmentos, maior oscilação do peso e menor qualidade das amostras obtidas com o uso das agulhas M do que com o das agulhas T.


Due to lack of information about the subject and lack of studies that confront the techniques of liver biopsy in sheep, a comparative study between eight biopsy techniques in this species was developed. In this study, eight crossbred (Santa Inês) ewe lambs (17.95 kg ± 2.71) were used in serial procedures for eight consecutive weeks. Liver samples obtained through six percutaneous techniques and two videolaparoscopic techniques were analyzed. The clinical aspects, clinical pathological findings, hepatic sample weights, histology quality, number of centrilobular veins and portal spaces, and the presence of artifacts in the histology slices were recorded. For the percutaneous techniques, two types of needles were used, modified Menghini (M) and semi-automatic tru-cut (T). They were used in combinations with blind biopsies, guided by ultrasound (US) and monitored by video laparoscopy (VL) biopsies. In the videolaparoscopy procedures, Blakesley biopsy forceps and the method of liver fragment resection by VL were used. No relevant hematological or biochemical alterations were found and the clinical manifestations were slight and transitory. In a general way, the use of US and VL in percutaneous biopsies did not yield a significant improvement in weight and histology quality of the liver samples; however, the videolaparoscopic techniques allowed a wider access to the liver than the percutaneous techniques. The quality of the samples obtained through both VL techniques were equivalent; however, the resection technique enabled the collection of heavier samples, but determined the formation of perihepatic adherences. More difficulty in fragment retrieval, more fluctuation in weight and less quality were found in samples obtained with M needles when compared to T needles.


Subject(s)
Animals , Biopsy/instrumentation , Biopsy/veterinary , Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures/veterinary , Laparoscopy , Sheep , Ultrasonography
12.
Salud(i)ciencia (Impresa) ; 17(2): 133-138, oct. 2009. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-594171

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La detección de genes asociados a virulencia en Helicobacter pylori constituye un buen marcadorgenético para predecir riesgo de enfermedades asociadas a la persistencia del patógeno. Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia de cagA, vacA, babA2, iceA y dupA en pacientes chilenos, durante 10 años de seguimiento. Métodos: Se analizaron las biopsias gástricas de 1 577 pacientes (183 niños) obtenidas entre enero de 2003 y diciembre de 2007, mediante PCR convencional y cultivo bacteriano. En 374 individuos positivos se investigó la prevalencia de cagA, vacA (s1a, s1b, s2, m1, m2, i1 e i2), babA2, iceA (1 y 2) y dupA. Resultados: La prevalenciade H. pylori en adultos fue 48.7% y un 23.7% de los pacientes presentó más de un cepa bacteriana. La prevalenciapor genes fue: cagA 29.4%, vacAm1 52.7%, vacAm2 61.8%, vacAs1a 46.5%, vacAs1b 28.3%, vacAs2 41.7%, vacAi1 30.9%, vacAi2 12.0%, babA23.5%, iceA1 30.5%, iceA2 61.2% y dupA 28.9%. Se observó un 90% de concordancia en la prevalencia delos genes hpy, cagA, babA2, iceA e iceA2, y un 67.6% para vacAs1a, cuando se comparó biopsia y cultivo como fuente de ADN. Conclusiones: La mayoría de los genes de virulencia han mantenido su prevalencia en el tiempo,excepto vacAm1 y babA2 que la han aumentado. Sin embargo, la prevalencia de babA2 continúa siendo muy baja.


Background: Genes associated with virulence in Helicobacter pylori are good markers for prediction of risk of developing diseases due to persistent infection. Aim: To establish the prevalence of cagA, vacA, babA2,iceA and dupA among Chilean patients over a 10-year period. Methods: 1 577 gastric biopsies (183 children), collected from January 2003 to December 2007, were analyzed by conventional PCR and bacteriological culture. The prevalence of the genes cagA, vacA (s1a, s1b, s2, m1, m2, i1 and i2), babA2, iceA (1 and 2) and dupA were investigated in 374 positive individuals. Results: Prevalence of H. pylori in adults was 48.7%, with 23.7% of them presenting more than one infecting strain. Prevalence of genes was as follows: cagA 29.4%, vacAm152.7%, vacAm2 61.8%, vacAs1a 46.5%, vacAs1b 28.3%, vacAs2 41.7%, vacAi1 30.9%, vacAi2 12.0%, babA2 3.5%, iceA1 30.5%, iceA2 61.2% and dupA 28.9%. Ninety percent of agreement was observed in the prevalence of genes hpy, cagA, babA2, iceA and iceA2, by using DNA from both sources, but was only 67.6% for vacAs1a gene. Conclusion: The results suggest that all the genes conserved their prevalence in this period with the exception of vacAm1 and babA2, in which there was increased prevalence. Nonetheless, the prevalence of the gene babA2 continues to be very low.


Subject(s)
Biopsy/instrumentation , Chile , Helicobacter pylori/genetics , Helicobacter pylori/pathogenicity , Helicobacter Infections/diagnosis , Helicobacter Infections/prevention & control
13.
Rev. Asoc. Méd. Argent ; 122(1): 21-31, mar. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-570291

ABSTRACT

El diagnóstico y tratamiento del epitelioma basocelular durante los últimos veinte años ha permitido acumular una experiencia y resultados satisfactorios que los autores desean compartir con quienes tienen que tratar este tipo de cáncer cutáneo. 1) Se introdujo la observación microscópica tridimensional directa de los tumores como complemento de la observación clínica. 2) Se empleó como anestésico local la carbocaína intradérmica debido a sus grandes ventajas: mínima o ninguna sensación de ardor al inyectar, cantidades pequeñas requeridas, ligera vasoconstricción que evita el uso de epinefrina y efecto prolongado que elimina o minimiza el dolor postoperatorio. 3) Se introdujo el uso de grandes sacabocados (punch) -especialmente diseñados por su gran tamaño de hasta 20 mm de diámetro- para la resección quirúrgica completa seguida siempre por cierre primario de la herida operatoria. 4) En casos de tumores grandes no resecables con sacabocados o de tumores en zonas que requieren resultado estético se realizó la resección en losange con bisturí, la resección seguida de colgajos de avance, de rotación o la combinación simultánea de ambos, es decir, colgajos compuestos. 5) El examen histopatológico fue precedido por la observación microscópica estereoscópica tridimensional directa seguida de la hemisección de la muestra recien resecada, para ver los tumores antes de la fijación e inclusión. Se obtuvo así dentro del taco de parafina la orientación más favorable posible para el estudio de los márgenes de seguridad indispensables para asegurar la curación. En la evaluación microscópica de los márgenes consideramos indispensable asegurarse de la eliminación total no solamente de los islotes de células cancerosas, sino también del estroma de tejido conectivo que las rodea y las sostiene. 6) En casos especiales se utilizaron el método de MOHS o la criocirugía.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Biopsy/instrumentation , Biopsy/methods , Carcinoma, Basal Cell/surgery , Carcinoma, Basal Cell/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Basal Cell/pathology , Carcinoma, Basal Cell/classification , Cryosurgery , Microscopy, Electron/methods , Skin Neoplasms/surgery , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Surgical Procedures, Operative/methods
14.
Braz. dent. j ; 20(2): 162-168, 2009. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-524513

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to compare the peripheral bone damage induced by different cutting systems. Four devices were tested: Er:YAG laser (2.94 mm), Piezosurgery, high-speed drill and low-speed drill. Forty-five bone sections, divided into 9 groups according to different parameters, were taken from pig mandibles within 1 h post mortem. Specimens were fixed in 10 percent buffered formalin, decalcified and cut in thin sections. Four different parameters were analyzed: cut precision, depth of incision, peripheral carbonization and presence of bone fragments. For statistical analysis, the Kruskal-Wallis test was applied to assess equality of sample medians among groups. All sections obtained with the Er:YAG laser showed poor peripheral carbonization. The edges of the incisions were always well-shaped and regular, no melting was observed. Piezosurgery specimens revealed superficial incisions without thermal damage but with irregular edges. The sections obtained by traditional drilling showed poor peripheral carbonization, especially if obtained at lower speed. There was statistically significant differences (p<0.01) among the cutting systems for all analyzed parameters. Er:YAG laser, gave poor peripheral carbonization, and may be considered an effective method in oral bone biopsies and permits to obtain clear and readable tissue specimens.


O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o dano ósseo periférico produzido por diversos sistemas de corte. Foram avaliados 4 dispositivos: laser Er:YAG (2,94 mm), Piezo-cirurgia, broca em alta rotação e broca em baixa rotação. Para isto, foram utilizadas 45 seções ósseas retiradas de mandíbulas de suínos, até 1 h post-mortem, divididas em 9 grupos de acordo com diversos parâmetros. As amostras foram fixadas em formalina a 10 por cento tamponada, descalcificadas e cortadas em lâminas finas. Foram analisados 4 parâmetros diferentes: a precisão do corte, a profundidade da incisão, a carbonização periférica e presença de fragmentos ósseos. A análise estatística empregou o teste de Kruskal-Wallis para avaliar a similaridade das medianas entre os grupos. Todas as seções feitas com o laser Er:YAG exibiram pouca carbonização. As margens das incisões foram todas bem acabadas e regulares, sem apresentar pontos de fusão. As amostras obtidas por piezo-cirurgia apresentaram incisões superficiais sem danos térmicos, mas com margens irregulares. As seções obtidas pelas brocas convencionais apresentaram pouca carbonização marginal, particularmente as feitas em baixa rotação. Foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significantes (p<0,01) entre todos os sistemas de corte para cada um dos parâmetros analisados. O laser Er:YAG apresentou pouca carbonização e pode ser considerado como um método eficaz para biópsias de ossos bucais, produzindo amostras de tecido limpas e fáceis de analisar.


Subject(s)
Animals , Bone and Bones/injuries , Dental High-Speed Technique/adverse effects , Dental Instruments/adverse effects , Mandible/surgery , Oral Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Oral Surgical Procedures/instrumentation , Biopsy/instrumentation , Bone and Bones/surgery , Burns/etiology , Laser Therapy/adverse effects , Lasers, Solid-State/adverse effects , Mandibular Injuries/etiology , Swine , Ultrasonic Therapy/adverse effects
15.
São Paulo; s.n; 2009. 174 p. ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-516859

ABSTRACT

Introdução- A intoxicação por chumbo é um conhecido problema de saúde pública e o envenenamento por este metal pode causar danos a vários órgãos, especialmente ao Sistema Nervoso Central de crianças em desenvolvimento. Objetivo geral- estudar a associação entre exposição a chumbo e comportamento anti-social (CAS) em adolescentes brasileiros. Objetivos específicos: a) analisar a associação entre exposição a chumbo e CAS / cometimento de atos infracionais (CAI); b) estudar potenciais fontes de exposição domiciliar a chumbo que mais estão associadas a altas concentrações de chumbo no esmalte dentário (CCED) e; c) avaliar o impacto de alterações metodológicas na técnica de microbiópsia ácida de esmalte dentário superficial (MAEDS) sobre CCED e profundidade da bíópsia. Métodos- Um estudo transversal foi conduzido com 173 jovens (Bauru, SP). MAEDS foram realizadas nestes jovens por dois diferentes protocolos metodológicos. Além disso, questionários sobre comportamento dos adolescentes e exposição a possíveis fontes de contaminação por chumbo foram aplicados a pais e adolescentes. Análises de regressão logística, testes de Wilcoxon e testes pareados foram aplicados aos dados. Resultados- Odd ratios ajustados para covariáveis indicaram que alta CCED está associada a risco aumentado de exceder o escore clínico para queixas somáticas, problemas sociais, comportamento de quebrar regras e problemas externalizantes (IC 95 por cento). Alta CCED não foi associado com escores elevados de CAI. Os fatores de risco mais associados com alta CCED foram residir em área contaminada ou até 2 km da área contaminada e trabalhar na fabricação de tintas, pigmentos, cerâmicas ou baterias. A profundidade da biópsia, calculada pela fórmula da altura do cilindro, para um dos protocolos, levou a resultados errôneos de profundidade da biópsia, confirmados por testes de perfilometria. Conclusões- A exposição a altos níveis de chumbo parece disparar o estabelecimento de CAS, o que alerta para...


Subject(s)
Biopsy/instrumentation , Conduct Disorder , Dental Enamel , Environmental Health , Lead Poisoning, Nervous System , Biomarkers , Odds Ratio , Risk Factors , Social Behavior Disorders , Violence
16.
Benha Medical Journal. 2009; 26 (2): 269-285
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-112062

ABSTRACT

Non-organ-specific autoantibodies [NOSAs] are commonly detected in chronic hepatitis C [CHC] bat their significance remain on debate. To determine the prevalence of anti-nuclear [ANA], anti-smooth muscle [ASMA] and anti-liver kidney microsomes type 1 [anti-LKM1] antibodies and assess their association with patient demographics, biochemical and histological parameters of disease activity and response to antiviral therapy. One hundred and thirty naive chronic hepatitis C [CHC] patients were included. Clinical demographic and laboratory data at the time of liver biopsy were obtained. All cases were screened for autoantibodies by an enzyme linked immanosorbent assay [ELISA]. A pathologist reviewed all pathologic specimens using the modified histological activity index [HAL] of Ishak. All patients received combined antiviral therapy in the form of Pegylated Interferon alpha 2a-l60 micro g plus Ribavirin. Non-organ-specific autoantibodies [NOSAs] were observed in 38 patients [29.23%]: ANA in 25 [19.23%], ASMA in 18 [13.85%] and anti-LKM1 was the rarest occurring in only two CHC patients [1.54%]. Concomitant positivity for ANA and ASMA was observed in 7 of these 38 cases [5.38%]. The presence of NOSAs was associated with higher aspartate trasaminase [AST], alanine trasaminase [ALT] and gamma-globulin. There was a significant association between seropositivity of NOSAs and higher histological activity score of inflammation and hepatocellubr injury [P=0.024] and with increased plasma cell infiltrate [P=0.000]. In contrast, no differences were observed regarding age, gender, viral load, stage of fibrosis and response to combined antiviral therapy. The presence of non-organ-specific autoantibodies [NOSAs] in CHC is associated with more necroinflammatory grade without increased degree of fibrosis or failure of combined antiviral therapy


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Autoantibodies/blood , Liver Function Tests/blood , gamma-Glutamyltransferase/blood , Alkaline Phosphatase/blood , Antibodies, Antinuclear/blood , Biopsy/instrumentation , Liver/pathology , Histology , Antiviral Agents
17.
Rev. bras. neurol ; 44(4): 5-11, out.-dez. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-505037

ABSTRACT

Fundamento: A biópsia estereotáctica tem sido considerada técnica simples e sem complicações e com resultados satisfatórios para o diagnóstico. Neste estudo ficou evidente que nem sempre o procedimento é simples e pode apresentar riscos. Métodos: Foram analisados procedimentos (n=78) para biópsia estereotáctica de novembro de 2000 a setembro de 2007. As biópsias foram diagnósticas em 85,7% e não diagnósticas em 4%. Os procedimentos foram realizados em centro cirúrgico próximo à radiologia e à sala de patologia. Foi usado equipamento do tipo arco-alvo-centrado compatível com coordenadas cartesianas. Os fiduciais usados foram adequados somente para o equipamento de TC. A cânula de biópsia foi do tipo Nashold e as coordenadas foram calculadas no tomógrafo com programa computadorizado. Resultados: Pré-operatoriamente, observaram-se déficits motores e visuais em 35%, convulsões em 38% e alterações do nível de consciência em 27%. Foram incluídos nas biópsias pacientes com lesões expansivas intracranianas e as indefinidas. Foram excluídos os casos com discrasia sanguínea, tumores vasculares, intraventriculares e doença de Creutzfeldt-Jakob. As lesões expansivas predominaram no nível supratentorial e os homens foram mais afetados do que as mulheres: 64% e 36% respectivamente. O mais jovem tinha 16 anos e o mais velho 74. A lesão expansiva predominante foi o glioblastoma multiforme. Entre os diagnósticos da TC 1/3 não correspondeu à biópsia. Não houve morbidade e/ou mortalidade. Conclusão: O procedimento da biópsia estereotáctica não é isenta de risco, assim como de complicações. Em 1/3 dos casos o diagnóstico neuro-radiológico foi diferente do resultado da biópsia dificultando a conduta cirúrgica. O glioma predominante foi do tipo glioblastoma multiforme supratentorial em faixa etária mais alta e glioma de baixo grau nos mais jovens.


Background: Stereotactic biopsy has been considered simple and safe. In this paper it is shown that the stereotactic procedure is not always without risk. Methods: Procedures (n=78) for stereotactic biopsy were analysed from november 2000 to september 2007. Diagnosis was accurate in 85,7% and misdiagnosis was 4%. The isocentric stereotactic arc-centered system type was used with cartesian system of coordinates. Fiducials were adapted only for CT scanner. Biopsy probe Nashold was used. The coordinates were made within the tomographic machine. Results: The patients presented lesions causing motor déficits and visual disturbances in 35%, convulsions in 38%, and conscience level disturbances in 27%. Patients with tumours and undefined lesions were chosen. Patients with blood dyscrasia, vascular and intraventricular tumors, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease were excluded. The tumours were mainly supratentorial and men were more affected than women. The younger patient was 16 and the olderst 74 years old. Glioblastoma was the more frequent glioma. Among the cases, 1/3 diagnosed by neuroradiologists was different in relation to the pahological findings. No morbimortality was registered. Conclusions: Stereotactic biopsies are not always safe and with no risks. The neuroradiologic diagnosis were different in 1/3 of the cases in comparison to the pathological findings. The predominant glioma was the glioblastoma type for the older and low grade gliomas for the younger subjects.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Biopsy/methods , Cerebral Hemorrhage , Cerebrum/pathology , Glioma , Stereotaxic Techniques , Biopsy/instrumentation , Retrospective Studies , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
18.
Benha Medical Journal. 2008; 25 (1): 59-76
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-105884

ABSTRACT

The present study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic yield of estimation of complexed prostate-specific antigen [cPSA] in random sample of patients with symptoms suggestive of prostate cancer [PC] and had serum PSA of 2.5-20 ng/ml and no previous histologic proof of prostate cancer. All patients underwent full history taking, complete physical examination and prior to prostatic examination or any manipulations, venous blood samples were collected for ELISA estimation PSA serum levels. Then, patients underwent trans-rectal ultrasonography [TRUS] to assess the prostate and the adenoma volume and the peripheral zone [PZ] of the prostate was checked. All patients underwent 10-core TRUS-biopsy taking from the peripheral zone ofthe prostate. The study included 223 male patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria of the study with mean age of 65.7 +/- 8 years. Mean prostatic volume was 60.1 +/- 14.8 cm3 and the mean PZ calculated volume was 41.8 +/- 9.4 cm3. Histopathological examination of core biopsies defined 23 cases with PC [PC group] with a frequency of cancer detection of 10.3% while the other 200 patients were free of PC [Control group]. Mean estimated serum tPSA and cPSA levels were significantly higher in PC group compared to its level estimated in control group, while serum fPSA levels were non-significantly lower in PC group compared to control group. Mean PSA densities [PSAD, PZ PSAD, cPSAD and PZ cPSAD] were significantly higher in PC group compared to control group. There was a positive significant correlation between the presence of PC and age of patients and with levels and densities of tPSA and cPSA. Using ROC curve analysis to define the most specific predictors of presence of PC revealed that cPSA level was highly specific with AUC=0.987 with a significant difference in favor of cPSA level in comparison to tPSA and fPSA. Using regression analysis defined cPSA level PZ cPSAD and PZ PSAD as the significant predictors of PC and ROC curve analysis of the three parameters defined PZ cPSAD and cPSA serum level as the highest specific predictors of PC. It could be concluded that estimation of serum complexed PSA could define cases of PC with high specificity during screening of patients had serum PSA levels ranged between 2.5 and 20 ng/ml and used in combination with determination of PZ cPSAD are highly significant specific predictors of PC


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods , Biopsy/instrumentation , Histology
19.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-39249

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To prospectively evaluate the accuracy of transrectal ultrasonographic (TRUS)-guided biopsies by using combined magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) in patients with persistently high prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and negative TRUS-guided biopsy results. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Twenty-one patients (age range 50-77 years, average 61.4 years) with negative TRUS biopsy were enrolled Suspicious areas were identified by discrete low signal intensity in T2 on standard MRI. MRSI was interpreted by using spectral approach and given score of I (benign) to 5 (malignant). Suspicious voxels were localized for guided TRUS biopsy. All patients underwent sextant TRUS biopsies with up to four additional biopsies targeted at suspicious sites. Diagnostic accuracy of MRI/MRSI in patient-by-patient and voxel-by-core were analyzed. RESULTS: Prostate cancer was detected in 2 of 21 patients (9.5%). The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of combined MRI/MRSI for detection of prostate cancer were 100%, 84%, 40%, 100%, and 86%, respectively. The site of positive biopsy correlated correctly with voxels were 80%, 85%, 21%, 99% and 85% on sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy, respectively. CONCLUSION: MRI/MRSI have the potential to guide biopsy to cancer foci in patients with persistently high PSA levels and prior negative TRUS biopsy results.


Subject(s)
Aged , Biopsy/instrumentation , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Prostate/diagnostic imaging , Prostate-Specific Antigen/analysis , Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Sensitivity and Specificity
20.
Tanta Medical Sciences Journal. 2007; 2 (1): 173-175
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-111828

ABSTRACT

A case of Necrotizing Sialometaplasia of parotid gland is reported. Clinical picture: This patient was initially diagnosed as a case of parotitis and treated by intravenous antibiotic for three days without improvement. Ultrasonography revealed fluid collection in the substance of the gland and needle aspiration revealed only blood. Fine needle aspiration was done and cytological examination revealed only blood cells without any glandular tissue. Incision and drainage of haematoma with incisional biopsy was done and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of necrotizing sialometaplasia. After three weeks of conservative therapy without improvement superficial parotidectomy was done without any significant morbidity. Severe form of necrotizing sialoametaplasia affecting major salivary gland can be treated safely and effectively by sialoadenectomy


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Sialometaplasia, Necrotizing/diagnosis , Ultrasonography , Biopsy/instrumentation , Histology , Prognosis
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